{"id":6048,"date":"2022-05-25T09:16:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T09:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.booksofall.com\/ru\/?post_type=product&#038;p=6048"},"modified":"2022-06-15T05:14:04","modified_gmt":"2022-06-15T05:14:04","slug":"uml-presentation-uml-class-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.booksofall.com\/ru\/uml-presentation-uml-class-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"UML Presentation: UML Class Diagrams"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Class Diagrams<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Class diagrams provide a structural view of systems.<\/li>\n<li>Class diagrams capture the static structure of Object-Oriented systems, or how they are structured rather than how they behave.<\/li>\n<li>Class diagrams support architectural design.<\/li>\n<li>Class diagrams represent the basics of ObjectOriented systems. They identify what classes there are, how they interrelate, and how they interact.<\/li>\n<li>Link to Requirements: Class diagrams constrain interactions and collaborations that support functional requirements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The\u00a0<b>Unified Modeling Language<\/b>\u00a0(<b>UML<\/b>) is a general-purpose, developmental,\u00a0<a title=\"Modeling language\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modeling_language\">modeling language<\/a>\u00a0in the field of\u00a0<a title=\"Software engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_engineering\">software engineering<\/a>\u00a0that is intended to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>The creation of UML was originally motivated by the desire to standardize the disparate notational systems and approaches to software design. It was developed at\u00a0<a title=\"Rational Software\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rational_Software\">Rational Software<\/a>\u00a0in 1994\u20131995, with further development led by them through 1996.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>In 1997, UML was adopted as a standard by the\u00a0<a title=\"Object Management Group\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Object_Management_Group\">Object Management Group<\/a>\u00a0(OMG), and has been managed by this organization ever since. In 2005, UML was also published by the\u00a0<a title=\"International Organization for Standardization\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Organization_for_Standardization\">International Organization for Standardization<\/a>\u00a0(ISO) as an approved ISO standard.\u00a0<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>Since then the standard has been periodically revised to cover the latest revision of UML.\u00a0<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>In software engineering, most practitioners do not use UML, but instead produce informal hand drawn diagrams; these diagrams, however, often include elements from UML.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0<a title=\"Software engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_engineering\">software engineering<\/a>, a\u00a0<b>class diagram<\/b>\u00a0in the\u00a0<a title=\"Unified Modeling Language\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unified_Modeling_Language\">Unified Modeling Language<\/a>\u00a0(UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing the system\u2019s\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Class (computer science)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Class_(computer_science)\">classes<\/a>, their attributes, operations (or methods), and the relationships among objects.<\/p>\n<p>The class diagram is the main building block of\u00a0<a title=\"Object-oriented programming\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Object-oriented_programming\">object-oriented<\/a>\u00a0modeling. It is used for general\u00a0<a title=\"Conceptual model\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conceptual_model\">conceptual modeling<\/a>\u00a0of the structure of the application, and for detailed modeling, translating the models into\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Programming code\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programming_code\">programming code<\/a>. Class diagrams can also be used for\u00a0<a title=\"Data modeling\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Data_modeling\">data modeling<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Class_diagram#cite_note-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The classes in a class diagram represent both the main elements, interactions in the application, and the classes to be programmed.<\/p>\n<p>In the diagram, classes are represented with boxes that contain three compartments:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The top compartment contains the name of the class. It is printed in bold and centered, and the first letter is capitalized.<\/li>\n<li>The middle compartment contains the attributes of the class. They are left-aligned and the first letter is lowercase.<\/li>\n<li>The bottom compartment contains the operations the class can execute. They are also left-aligned and the first letter is lowercase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">A class with three compartments.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the design of a system, a number of classes are identified and grouped together in a class diagram that helps to determine the static relations between them. In detailed modeling, the classes of the conceptual design are often split into subclasses.<\/p>\n<p>In order to further describe the behavior of systems, these class diagrams can be complemented by a\u00a0<a title=\"State diagram\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_diagram\">state diagram<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a title=\"UML state machine\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UML_state_machine\">UML state machine<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A relationship is a general term covering the specific types of logical connections found on class and object diagrams. UML defines the following relationships:<\/p>\n<p>Instance-level relationships<\/p>\n<p>Dependency<br \/>\nA dependency is a type of association where there is a semantic connection between dependent and independent model elements.[6] It exists between two elements if changes to the definition of one element (the server or target) may cause changes to the other (the client or source). This association is uni-directional. A dependency is displayed as a dashed line with an open arrow that points from the client to the supplier.<\/p>\n<p>Association<br \/>\nAn\u00a0<i><a title=\"Association (object-oriented programming)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Association_(object-oriented_programming)\">association<\/a><\/i>\u00a0represents a family of links. A binary association (with two ends) is normally represented as a line. An association can link any number of classes. An association with three links is called a ternary association. An association can be named, and the ends of an association can be adorned with role names, ownership indicators, multiplicity, visibility, and other properties.<br \/>\nThere are four different types of association: bi-directional, uni-directional, aggregation (includes composition aggregation) and reflexive. Bi-directional and uni-directional associations are the most common ones.<br \/>\nFor instance, a flight class is associated with a plane class bi-directionally. Association represents the static relationship shared among the objects of two classes.<\/p>\n<p>Composition<br \/>\nThe UML representation of a composition relationship shows composition as a\u00a0<i>filled<\/i>\u00a0diamond shape on the containing class end of the lines that connect contained class(es) to the containing class.<\/p>\n<p>Differences between Composition and Aggregation<\/p>\n<p>Composition relationship<br \/>\n1. When attempting to represent real-world whole-part relationships, e.g. an engine is a part of a car.<br \/>\n2. When the container is destroyed, the contents are also destroyed, e.g. a university and its departments.<br \/>\nAggregation relationship<br \/>\n1. When representing a software or database relationship, e.g. car model engine ENG01 is part of a car model CM01, as the engine, ENG01, maybe also part of a different car model.<br \/>\n2. When the container is destroyed, the contents are usually not destroyed, e.g. a professor has students; when the professor dies the students do not die along with him.<br \/>\nThus the aggregation relationship is often \u201ccatalog\u201d containment to distinguish it from the composition\u2019s \u201cphysical\u201d containment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 480px; border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/share\/book\/uml-presentation--uml-class-diagrams-yrb358syn?enforceShowPromotionBar=true\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":6063,"template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"In software engineering, a class diagram in the UML is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system."},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[213],"product_tag":[201],"class_list":{"0":"post-6048","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-computer-uml","7":"product_tag-lecture-notes","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"product-type-simple"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - 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