{"id":10625,"date":"2022-06-22T04:09:36","date_gmt":"2022-06-22T04:09:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.booksofall.com\/cn\/?post_type=product&#038;p=10625"},"modified":"2022-06-22T04:09:36","modified_gmt":"2022-06-22T04:09:36","slug":"the-unexpected-effects-of-the-hiv-prevention-pill","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.booksofall.com\/cn\/the-unexpected-effects-of-the-hiv-prevention-pill\/","title":{"rendered":"The unexpected effects of the HIV prevention pill"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 id=\"standfirst\" class=\"article__standfirst\">PrEP is great at blocking HIV, but as its use grows, so do fears that people will be more sexually reckless and spread other STIs. But researchers are coming to think that the opposite could be\u00a0true.<\/h4>\n<aside class=\"article__aside\">\n<div class=\"article__aside__section article__share-buttons\" role=\"group\">\n<div class=\"paragraph paragraph--text\">\n<p>On a brilliant blue California morning, an ambulance idles up San Francisco\u2019s Castro Street. A small rainbow flag flutters from its antenna while its speakers blare:<\/p>\n<p><em>Young man, there\u2019s no need to feel down!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Two days before one of the largest Gay Pride parades in the US, nearly everything in sight has been decked with rainbow flags. And balloons. And bunting.<\/p>\n<p>Men young and old have begun streaming into the city\u2019s largest sexual health clinic, Magnet at Strut, while a free consultation service at the University of California at San Francisco about two miles east is being swamped with calls from healthcare providers around the Bay Area. Many are desperate to get their patients started on the same blue pill before the weekend\u2019s festivities lead to a flurry of hook-ups.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not the little blue pill you might be thinking of. It\u2019s Truvada, the brand name of a daily HIV prevention pill known as pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"paragraph paragraph--text\">\n<p>The two-drug combination was originally formulated as a virus-suppressing therapy for HIV-positive people, but clinical trials later suggested it was also effective at blocking the virus from taking hold in the first place. In 2012 the US Food and Drug Administration gave it additional approval as a preventive drug, further expanding its use in May 2018 to include at-risk adolescents.<\/p>\n<p>After a slow start, Truvada is surging in popularity around the world among men who have sex with men. Although good numbers are lacking, San Francisco is widely believed to have the highest uptake in the world. There, the rate of new HIV infections roughly halved between 2012 and 2016, attributed largely to more testing, better use of treatment to make people with HIV uninfectious, and PrEP.<\/p>\n<h4>Reference:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/65\/5\/712\/3824878\">modelling study<\/a>\u00a0by Samuel Jenness and colleagues on the potential for PrEP programmes to drive down STI rates.<\/li>\n<li>A report detailing the impact of PrEP on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfdph.org\/dph\/files\/reports\/RptsHIVAIDS\/Annual-Report-2016-20170831.pdf\">HIV transmission rates in San Francisco<\/a>. [PDF]<\/li>\n<li>A report detailing the impact of PrEP on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cityofchicago.org\/content\/dam\/city\/depts\/cdph\/HIV_STI\/HIV_STISurveillanceReport2016_12012017.pdf\">HIV transmission rates in Chicago<\/a>. [PDF]<\/li>\n<li>A study detailing a significant drop in new\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.croiconference.org\/sessions\/rapid-reduction-hiv-diagnoses-after-targeted-prep-implementation-nsw-australia\">HIV transmission rates in Sydney and New South Wales<\/a>\u00a0after the 2016 launch of a PrEP programme.<\/li>\n<li>A report on the role of the UK\u2019s Dean Street clinics in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aidsmap.com\/How-a-London-clinic-reduced-new-HIV-infections-by-90-and-why-more-European-cities-can-do-the-same\/page\/3184753\/\">London\u2019s dramatic drop in new HIV infections<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>The CDC\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/hivrisk\/estimator.html#-mo|rai.prep|rai.con\">HIV risk calculator<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>This\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/laninf\/article\/PIIS1473-3099(14)70847-3\/fulltext\">2014\u00a0<em>Lancet<\/em>\u00a0study<\/a>\u00a0suggests that the efficacy of PrEP in preventing HIV among men and transgender women who have sex with men is nearly 100 per cent with \u201coptimal\u201d use.<\/li>\n<li>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25469526\">2015 study<\/a>\u00a0estimates the real-world efficacy of condoms in preventing HIV among men who have sex with men and say they \u201calways\u201d use them.<\/li>\n<li>This regularly updated page on\u00a0<em>The Body<\/em>\u00a0includes\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thebody.com\/content\/80972\/has-anyone-gotten-hiv-when-they-were-on-prep.html?fbclid=IwAR14B-hIew_5L2nSfQSCzQ1MficbQ91OduzG92eNtoHotpHTudnvh0CwWNw\">an analysis of the handful of PrEP failures<\/a>\u00a0reported so far.<\/li>\n<li>An\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/67\/5\/676\/4917600\">analysis of 17 studies<\/a>\u00a0examining the role of PrEP on sexual risk behaviour.<\/li>\n<li>A separate\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.natap.org\/2018\/IAC\/IAC_72.htm\">study of more than 300 gay and bisexual men<\/a>\u00a0throughout the US reported a rapid increase in PrEP uptake and a corresponding increase in receptive anal sex without condoms, but no significant increase in rectal STIs.<\/li>\n<li>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/aidsonline\/Fulltext\/2017\/10230\/Were_we_prepared_for_PrEP__Five_years_of.16.aspx\">2017 op-ed<\/a>\u00a0by AIDS Healthcare Foundation officials offers a more critical appraisal of PrEP programmes.<\/li>\n<li>Although estimates can vary considerably,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.prepwatch.org\/\">PrEPWatch<\/a>\u00a0(a project of the New York-based non-profit AVAC) compiles and periodically updates its own estimates of PrEP use around the world.<\/li>\n<li>A case history of a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thieme-connect.com\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-2006-945147\">young Japanese woman<\/a>\u00a0whose undiagnosed case of chlamydia led to significant health complications.<\/li>\n<li>Several studies agree that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.liebertpub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1089\/apc.2017.0027?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&amp;rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed\">few people<\/a>\u00a0use condoms when engaging in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4144812\/\">oral sex<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although not mentioned by name, Pierre-Cedric Crouch was a critical source for this article.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 750px; border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/share\/book\/the-unexpected-effects-of-the-hiv-prevention-pill-zv0jo08o4?enforceShowPromotionBar=true\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":10633,"template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"The best strategy to save money for your marketing campaign. 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